Conditioning on an event Kolmogorov definition Given two events A and B from the sigmafield of a probability space, with the unconditional probability of B being greater than zero (ie, P(B)>0), the conditional probability of A given B is defined to be the quotient of the probability of the joint of events A and B, and the probability of B = (),where () is the probability that both events In elementary algebra, the binomial theorem (or binomial expansion) describes the algebraic expansion of powers of a binomialAccording to the theorem, it is possible to expand the polynomial (x y) n into a sum involving terms of the form ax b y c, where the exponents b and c are nonnegative integers with b c = n, and the coefficient a of each term is a specific positiveSOLUTIONS TO SECTION 1 5 Solution We have u x=u ss x u tt x= u s 2u t u xx=u sss x u stt x 2u sts x 2u ttt x= u ss 4u st 4u tt u xy=u sss y u stt y 2u sts y 2u ttt y= u ss 2u st u y=u ss y u tt y= u s u yy=u sss y u stt y= u ss Substi
